Vladimir I. Polyakov and Dmitry S. Strebkov
Matrix solar cells for Conversion of Concentrated Radiation

Andreas Ludwig
The Challenge is the Balance The Lighting Industry’s View on Energy Effi ciency and Lighting Quality

Andrey V. Aladov, Elena D. Vasilieva, Alexander L. Zakgeim, Gregory V. Itkinson, Vsevolod V. Lundin, Mikhail N. Mizerov, Victor M. Ustinov, and Andrey F. Tsatsul’nikov
On Modern High-Power LEDs and their Lighting Application

Peter Dehoff
Quality Criteria as Part of the European Standardization – the Revision of EN 12464–1 “Lighting of Interior Workplaces”

Zoltán Vas, Peter Bodrogi, János Schanda, and Géza Varady
The Non-Additivity Phenomenon in Mesopic Photometry

Monica Säter
User Responses to LED as a Guide for Energy Effi cient Lighting Applications in Domestic Environments

CIE POSITION STATEMENT ON ULTRAVIOLET (UV) RADIATION TO MANAGE THE RISK OF COVID‑19 TRANSMISSION

Alexander L. Wasserman
Air Disinfection by UV Germicidal Radiation

Vladimir V. Voronov and Nikolay I. Shchepetkov
On Methodology for Designing Architectural Lighting of Production Site Interior Part 111: Results and Conclusions

Boris A. Veklenko
Energy, Information, and Superluminal Speed in Quantum Electrodynamics

Alexander V. Leonidov
Analytic Representation of Relation between Solar Altitude Angle and Local Time for Calculating Daylight Irradiance and Illuminance of the Earth Surface

Olga V. Nikolaeva
On Variants of the Main Atmospheric Correction Formula

Mehmet Sait Cengiz
Effects of Luminaire Angle and Illumination Topology on Illumination Parameters in Road Lighting

CIE POSITION STATEMENT ON ULTRAVIOLET (UV) RADIATION TO MANAGE THE RISK OF COVID‑19 TRANSMISSION

Alexander L. Wasserman
Air Disinfection by UV Germicidal Radiation

Vladimir V. Voronov and Nikolay I. Shchepetkov
On Methodology for Designing Architectural Lighting of Production Site Interior Part 111: Results and Conclusions

Boris A. Veklenko
Energy, Information, and Superluminal Speed in Quantum Electrodynamics

Alexander V. Leonidov
Analytic Representation of Relation between Solar Altitude Angle and Local Time for Calculating Daylight Irradiance and Illuminance of the Earth Surface

Olga V. Nikolaeva
On Variants of the Main Atmospheric Correction Formula

Mehmet Sait Cengiz
Effects of Luminaire Angle and Illumination Topology on Illumination Parameters in Road Lighting

The coronavirus disease (COVID‑19) pandemic has accelerated the search for environmental con‑ trols to contain or mitigate the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑ CoV‑2) responsible for the disease. SARS‑CoV‑2 is usually transmitted from person to person by con‑ tact with large respiratory droplets, either direct‑ ly or by touching virus-contaminated surfaces (also denoted as fomites) and subsequently touching the eyes, nose or mouth. Importantly, there is grow‑ ing evidence of virus transmission via the airborne route as the large respiratory droplets dry out and form droplet nuclei which can remain airborne for several hours. Depending on the nature of the sur‑ face and environmental factors, fomites can remain infectious for several days (van Doremalen, 2020).
The use of germicidal UV radiation (GUV) is an important environmental intervention which can reduce both contact spread and airborne transmis‑ sion of infectious agents (like bacteria and virus‑ es). GUV within the UV–C range (200 nm-280 nm), primarily 254 nm, has been used successfully and safely for over 70 years. However, GUV must be knowledgably applied with appropriate attention to dose and safety. Inappropriate GUV application can present human health and safety issues and pro‑ duce insufficient deactivation of infectious agents. Application in the home is not advisable and GUV should never be used to disinfect the skin, except when clinically justified.

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This is the final, third part, on the presentation of Chapter 4 and the results of the Vladimir Voronov thesis [1], successfully defended at the Moscow Architectural Institute in 1985 and devoted to the author’s method of designing architectural lighting for industrial interiors with three main upper lantern types of natural daylight and artificial lighting.
The method was developed on the basis of longterm analytical calculations and numerous experiments conducted according to all the laws of statistics in natural conditions and in the camera “Mirror-type artificial sky” created by the author using planar and volumetric (on mock-ups) light modelling with careful measurement of lighting parameters characterizing various states, qualities and options for luminance composition, light saturation of the interior space, contrast of lighting, etc.
The conclusions of the dissertation give a general picture of the research work performed, the main meaning of which is the belief that the design of lighting in industrial (and in any other) interiors is not limited to providing elementary normalized lighting parameters, but is a complex, sophisticated, and creative task of architectural design where the light – natural and artificial – is the main “actor”, providing functional and aesthetic qualities to the interior.

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This work contains analysis of characteristics of automobile lamps by Philips, KOITO, ETI flip chip LEDs, Osram, General Electric (GE), Gtinthebox, OSLAMPledbulbs with H1, H4, H7, H11 caps: luminous flux, luminous efficacy, correlated colour temperature. Characteristics of the studied samples are analysed before the operation of the lamps. The analysis of the calculation results allows us to make a conclusion that the values of correlated colour temperature of halogen lamps are close to the parameters declared by manufacturers. The analysis of the study results has shown that, based on actual values of correlated colour temperature, it is not advisable to use LED lamps in unfavourable weather conditions (such as rain, fog, snow). The results of the study demonstrate that there is a slight dispersion of actual values of luminous flux of halogen lamps by different manufacturers. Maximum variation between values of luminous flux of different lamps does not exceed 14 %. The analysis of the measurement results has shown that actual values of luminous flux of all halogen lamps comply with the mandatory rules specified in the UN/ECE Regulation No. 37 and luminous flux of LED lamps exceeds maximum allowable value by more than 8 %. Luminous efficacy of LED lamps is higher than that of halogen lamps: more than 82 lm/W and lower power consumption. The results of the measurements have shown that power consumption of a LED automobile lamp is lower than that of similar halogen lamps by 3 times and their luminous efficacy is higher by 5 times.

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Historical buildings are bridges between the past and the present. Moreover, it is a mirror of the life of societies, which lived in other ages. Historic buildings need to be illuminated to provide better visual conditions. The demand for electricity is increasing day by day. Energy must be used efficiently to reduce the amount of energy being dissipated. Therefore, energy efficiency in the lighting for historical buildings is a topic of great importance. Various luminaires are used for interior and exterior lighting of historic buildings. However, new lighting technologies, such as light emitting diode (LED) luminaires, are many times more efficient than traditional technologies, such as incandescent luminaires. The use of new technologies can lead to significant reductions in net energy consumption and associated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Historic buildings can serve as powerful and highly visible demonstrations of energy-efficient lighting technologies. In this study, the cost and energy efficiency have been analyzed considering the investment costs and the energy consumption of LED luminaires instead of luminaires with incandescent, halogen and metal halide lamps using almost the same luminous flux in the example of the El Aman Caravanserai in Bitlis, Turkey. As a result, of the calculations, the annual energy consumption (9-066.6 kW·h) was reduced by 78.21 % compared to the conventional system (41-610 kW·h) installed with incandescent, halogen and metal halide lamps. Thus, the cost of using LED lighting system have been amortised in about 135 days. Later, lighting has been made with less energy consumption, and the energy has been used efficiently.

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The article covers the study of the effect of a dimmer on operation of a light source and elec tromagnetic compatibility of a controllable light ing system. It is found that with reduction of ac tive power P of a light source its luminous flux and bulb heating temperature decrease, the power factor of the lighting system decreases too with increas ing of the total harmonic distortion current factor of the lighting system. The changes are non-linear. Mathematical expressions related to changes of lu minous flux, heating temperature, power factor and total harmonic distortion caused by change of active power of a light source are obtained. A conclusion is made that together with an opportunity to save ener gy and to increase the operating life of the control lable lighting system application of a dimmer leads to reduction of electric power quality and electro magnetic compatibility of this system. The study also demonstrated that changes in supply voltage also affect operation of the controllable lighting system. Reduced supply voltage causes the high est effect on characteristics of the lighting system. Change in the supply voltage strongly affects the lu minous flux and the heating temperature of the light source and the power factor of the lighting system in operating modes at 0.25 of Pnom and 0.5 of Pnom and the total harmonic distortion in operating modes at 0.75 of Pnom and Pnom.

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This study aims to make the wireless sensor network based on a linear topology required in road lighting energy-efficient using the proposed new methods. Because the physical installation of road lighting systems will result in costliness and time-labour loss, the mentioned scenarios were created and analysed in a simulation design. Two new methods were proposed to organize the lighting system more quickly and to increase the speed performance of sensors that join the network and carrying the luminaire data. This is the proxy-based network connection method and a new time-division method for the nodes’ common channel access. Energy consumption scenarios for lighting systems with 50, 100, 150, and 200 luminaires were analysed comparatively during data exchange using wireless sensor networks. Accordingly, the classical method and the proposed novel method were evaluated for the singleand multi-hop scenarios. In the communication between luminaires, the proposed new method for a single-hop scenario was at least 80 % more efficient than the classical method in terms of total energy consumption. In linear topology lighting systems for the same scenario, if the classical method is compared with the proposed new method for 3-hop structures, 58 % efficiency of total energy consumption is achieved.

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Gender difference has been widely reported in many research fields. However, in the topic of colour preference of lighting, such an issue has not aroused much attention. In this study, therefore, three groups of visual experiments with different illuminance (E) levels (50 lx, 200 lx, 600 lx) were conducted which investigated the preferred correlated colour temperature (CCT: 3500 K, 5000 K, 6500 K) for six single-coloured decorative artificial bird-shaped objects (red, green, yellow, blue, white and black). Twenty subjects, ten males and ten females, were invited to respond with their visual colour preference of the experimental objects. The aim of this work was to investigate if gender difference exists when the observers judge objects with different colours under different E-CCT conditions. The results indicate that there is significant difference between males and females for the 200 lx and 600 lx conditions, especially for the cases with higher CCTs (5000 K and 6500 K). In addition, it was found that under certain E-CCT conditions the preference ratings of males and females for certain colours were obviously different. Similarly, for some scenarios the subjective ratings from observers of the same gender also varied with object colour.

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Julian B. Aizenberg
International Activity in Field of Light and Engineering: Creative Report

Vladimir V. Voronov and Nikolay I. Shchepetkov
On Methodology for Designing Architectural Lighting of Production Site Interior

Aysegul Tereci and Оzge Оzata
Analysis and Strategies for Zonal Lighting Design of Konya Mevlana Museum and Mevlana Culture Centre Axis

Yulia A. Skorik
About Effect of LED Lighting and its Dynamics on Visual Functions and Overall State of a Spectator

Peter Bodrogi, Diana Carella, and Tran Quoc Khanh
Weighting the Relevance of the Different Colours in Subjective Assessments of Colour Preference

Fatih Atalar, Kerim Uzun, Ahmet Gedikli, Aysel Ersoy Yılmaz, and Mukden Uğur
A Study on the Effect of Light Sources on the Colour of Objects

Julian B. Aizenberg
International Activity in Field of Light and Engineering: Creative Report

Vladimir V. Voronov and Nikolay I. Shchepetkov
On Methodology for Designing Architectural Lighting of Production Site Interior

Aysegul Tereci and Оzge Оzata
Analysis and Strategies for Zonal Lighting Design of Konya Mevlana Museum and Mevlana Culture Centre Axis

Yulia A. Skorik
About Effect of LED Lighting and its Dynamics on Visual Functions and Overall State of a Spectator

Peter Bodrogi, Diana Carella, and Tran Quoc Khanh
Weighting the Relevance of the Different Colours in Subjective Assessments of Colour Preference

Fatih Atalar, Kerim Uzun, Ahmet Gedikli, Aysel Ersoy Yılmaz, and Mukden Uğur
A Study on the Effect of Light Sources on the Colour of Objects

This article is not a memoir. It aims at summing up the author’s activity (in a concise way) in solving the challenge he set for himself: to assist in development of Russian lighting engineering industry with consideration of the greatest achievements in design of lighting devices, their manufacturing technologies and the newest high-performance equipment as much as possible.

The author considered it important not just to sum up 65 years of his activity in light engineering and industry but also to provide the new generation of specialists with an opportunity to know and use the accumulated information and ways to take this opportunity for the benefit of Russian industry.

The article describes content of original and relevant but virtually forgotten thesis of V.V. Voronov on lighting of production site interiors by means of overhead natural (using three types of skylights) and artificial illumination, in order to elaborate scientific methodology for architectural design of more qualitative luminous environment on the basis of comprehensive approach and enhanced criteria framework of its evaluation using light engineering parameters.

The thesis is unique in terms of the scope and quality of field and laboratory observations which are reflected not only in the text but also in the graphical attachments, namely photos, figures, schemes, drawings, charts, nomograms, and diagrams accompanied by specific measured or calculated parameters.

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