Roger Narboni
Lighting Public Spaces: New Trends and Future Evolutions

Elena A. Zaeva-Burdonskaya and Yuri V. Nazarov
Stage in the Spotlight and Paradoxes of the Profession: Artist, Light, Theatre

Aslıhan Çevik, Tuğçe Kazanasmaz, and Hasan Engin Duran
User Lighting Preferences Based on Navigation and Space Quality in Virtual Exhibition Environments

Alexandra A. Bartseva, George V. Boos, Anatoly Sh. Chernyak, Alyona B. Kuznetsova, and Eugene I. Rozovsky
The State of Museum Lighting in Russia

Alexander E. Guliev
Improvement of Majolica Lighting at the Komsomolskaya – Radial Metro Station

Alexei I. Sterkhov, Alexander V. Palagin, and Igor Yu. Loshkarev
Study of Lighting Systems with Extended Hollow Light Guides

Alexander V. Leonidov
Changes in Irradiance and Illuminance on Earth Surface during 11-Year Solar Activity Cycle

Roger Narboni
Lighting Public Spaces: New Trends and Future Evolutions

Elena A. Zaeva-Burdonskaya and Yuri V. Nazarov
Stage in the Spotlight and Paradoxes of the Profession: Artist, Light, Theatre

Aslıhan Çevik, Tuğçe Kazanasmaz, and Hasan Engin Duran
User Lighting Preferences Based on Navigation and Space Quality in Virtual Exhibition Environments

Alexandra A. Bartseva, George V. Boos, Anatoly Sh. Chernyak, Alyona B. Kuznetsova, and Eugene I. Rozovsky
The State of Museum Lighting in Russia

Alexander E. Guliev
Improvement of Majolica Lighting at the Komsomolskaya – Radial Metro Station

Alexei I. Sterkhov, Alexander V. Palagin, and Igor Yu. Loshkarev
Study of Lighting Systems with Extended Hollow Light Guides

Alexander V. Leonidov
Changes in Irradiance and Illuminance on Earth Surface during 11-Year Solar Activity Cycle

Nowadays, the lighting designer is becoming one of the leading figures in forming of the concept of theatrical scene design. Lighting technologies with great potential of illumination, colour and graphic capabilities allowed the profession to occupy the leading positions in the space of any object. Today’s orientation of the whole visual culture to staginess alongside with avant-garde inventions of stage designers in the early 20th century have formed the main artistic trends of this art. Nowadays, the modernistic findings of the past are supplemented by innovative multimedia technologies. Visual techniques worked out in stage shows have  seriously affected the people’s attitude towards the  stage space. They have made theatrical performance very dynamic by using lighting and media effects,  sufficiently widened the scope of visual and expressive abilities of an artist.
The new paradigm of light as an active tool of form-making allowed modelling the space by means of lighting technologies. Stage light has become a form possessing great emotional power inseparably associated with the dramatic composition of performance. At the same time, the goal of a lighting designer cooperating with theatre designers and costume designers should permanently lead the audience to catharsis and innovative light engineering techniques play a great role in it. Naturally, such innovations in theatre art made it necessary to correct the programmes of training of universal specialists required in this area. Professional education of a theatre lighting designer, apart from knowledge of technology and basics of scenography, requires serious artistic training.
The methodological experience obtained in scenography training of future designers in the Environment Design sub-department of S.G. Stroganov MGHPA may provide an example of new design approaches to solving of comprehensive problems of scenography. Design training techniques used in the  sub-department include the method of environmental approach, the method of script modelling using a virtual design model and the method of conceptual design.

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Just as any other interior environment, lighting of exhibition spaces must be examined to enhance its visual quality and comfort. In this study, user behaviour, perception and impressions are analyzed for more comprehensive understanding by including subjective reasoning. Due to the chaotic progress and contradictory choices in exhibition lighting, daylight is mostly avoided while the role of users and relation between quantitative and qualitative parameters are often neglected. A series of sample exhibition spaces illuminated either artificially or by daylight are modelled virtually in Lumion software to be evaluated in a three-step questionnaire. A total of 90 participants are selected from three different professions (architects, visitors, artists), their reaction like movement, preference and impressions are gathered via questionnaire while moving through the model. The study aims to find out the role of lighting type in exhibition navigation and its relation with non-lighting parameters using statistical analysis methods. Results show that natural light is preferred more in sculpture exhibition while artificial light is preferred in painting exhibition. Movement towards daylight increases in transition areas and towards the end of the exhibition. A significant difference in navigation choices are found between professions, architects preferred to move towards more natural light while artists preferred artificial light.

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1. Shakhparunyantz, A.G., Rozovsky, E.I., Chernyak, A. Sh., Fedorishchev, P.A. LED in Museums: New Capabilities and Challenges [Svetodiody v muzeyakh: novyiye vozmozhnosti i problemy // Svetotekhnika, 2018, Special Issue Light in the Museum, pp. 36–39.
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8. Sergei S. Bayev, Vladimir N. Kuzmin, and Konstantin A. Tomsky Research of Optical Radiation Impact on Materials of Museum Exhibits and Requirements to Measurement Devices// Light & Engineering Journal, Vol. 27, #4, pp. 73–80.

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The article formulates the analytic expression approximating the sequence of Gregorian 11-year solar cycles and the expression of solar activity within one cycle. The dependences of effective thermodynamic temperature of the Sun photosphere and the solar constant, and the solar illuminance constant at the upper border of Earth atmosphere on the year number within one solar cycle were obtained. The generalised analytic expression for integral transmittance of atmosphere (within its spectral window) on the Earth surface for the direct and diffuse components of solar radiation and their sums at different solar altitude angles is presented. The analytic expressions of dependences of irradiance and illuminance on the Earth surface within spectral window of atmosphere and within the visible region of solar radiation spectrum on the year number within a certain solar cycle at different solar altitude angles are obtained. The results of calculation of direct and diffuse components of irradiance and illuminance and their sums in the case of clear sky are presented for example. The proposed approach allows similar calculations to conduct for different types of sky cover.

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While Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are used in various areas nowadays, they also come in front of us in the remote follow up and management of especially main street, road and city lighting systems and in autonomous applications relating with them.
This study has been conducted with the aim to determine the energy consumed by Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based monitoring and management systems as per topological sequence of lighting systems with renewable energy sources (RES) in a grid-free environment. In this way it was aimed to maximize the life time of WSN which are formed by minimum energy consumption of lighting elements that store energy with accumulator-battery in grid-free RES lighting systems and which use this energy later on. Physical installation of lighting systems having different topological distributions will  show differences with respect to costs, labour force  and time. Starting from here on, different topologies  for grid-free lighting systems have been created in simulation environment and they have been analyzed and an optimal solution has been searched for. Energy consumptions of each lighting system having linear, random and tree lighting topology have been determined during data exchange. For each topology lighting systems with 25, 50, 100 and 200 armatures have been designed and their energy consumptions for data exchange have been found. It has been seen that data packages were influenced at first degree from node hopping numbers within topology and as being parallel to this, it has been seen that topology consuming most energy was linear lighting and that topology consuming minimum energy was tree lighting.

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The article describes the results of the study concerning the effect of the voltage level on current harmonic composition in greenhouses irradiators. It is found that its change affects the level of current harmonics of all types of the studied greenhouse irradiators. With decrease of nominal supply voltage by 10 %, the total harmonic distortion THDi decreases by 9 % for emitters equipped with high pressure sodium lamps (HPSL), by 10 % for emitters with electrode-less lamps and by 3 % for LED based emitters. With increase of nominal supply voltage by 10 %, THDi increases by 23 % for lighting devices equipped with HPSL, by 10 % for irradiators with electrode-less lamps and by 3 % for LED based emitters. Therefore, changes of supply voltage cause the least effect on the level of current harmonics of LED based emitters and then the emitters with electrode-less lamps. Change of the level of supply voltage causes the greatest effect on the level of current harmonics of HPSL based irradiators. Mathematical models of dependence of THDi on the level of supply voltage for greenhouse emitters equipped with LED, electrode-less lamps and HPSL lamps were formulated. These mathematical models may be used for calculations of total current when selecting transformers and supply cable lines for greenhouse lighting devices, for design of new or reconstruction of existing irradiation systems of greenhouse facilities, and for calculation of power losses in power supply networks of greenhouse facilities during feasibility studies for energy saving and energy efficiency increasing projects.

1. Korepanov, D.A., Kondratieva, N.P., Chirkova, N.M. Germinating Capacity of Seeds of Охуcoccus  palustris when Using Different Spectra of Photosynthetic Radiation [Vskhozhest semyan klyukvy bolotnoy pri ispolzovanii raznykh spektrov fotosinteticheskoy radiatsii] // Bulletin of Izhevsk State Agricultiral Academy, 2012, Vol. 3, #32, pp. 82–83.
2. Rakutko, S.A., Rakutko, E.N., Vaskin, A.N. Comparative Assessment of Energy-Saving and Environmental Friendliness of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.) Grown under Sodium and Electrodeless Lamps [Sravnitelnaya otsenka energoekologichnosti svetokultury salata (Lactuca Sativa L.) pod natrievymi i induktsyonnymi lampami] / Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Agrarian University, 2016, pp. 331–338.
3. Prikupets, L.B., Emelin, A.A., Tarakanov, I.G. LED Phytoemitters: from a Phytotron to a Greenhouse? [Svetodiodnyye fitoobluchateli: iz fitotrona v teplitsu?] / Teplitsy  Rossii, 2015, Vol. 2, pp. 52–56.
4. Sokolov, A.V., Yuferev, L. Yu. Energy-saving Lighting System for Protected Ground [Energosberegayushchaya sistema osveshcheniya dlya zashchishchyonnogo grunta] // Innovatsii v selskom hozyaistve, 2014, Vol. 4, #9, pp. 76–69.
5. Johkan M., Shoji K., Goto F., Hahida S., Yoshihara T. Effect of green light wavelength and intensity  on photomorphogenesis and photosynthesis in Lactuca sativa// Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2012, Vol. 75, pp. 128–133.
6. Fan X.X., Xu Z.G., Liu X.Y., Tang C.M., Wang L.W., Han X.L. Effects of light intensity on the  growth and leaf development of young tomato plants grown under a combination of red and blue light// Scientia Horticulturae, 2013, Vol. 153, pp. 50–55.
7. Lin K.H., Huang M.Y., Huang W.D., Hsu M.H., Yang Z.W., Yang C.M. The effects of red, blue, and white  light emitting diodes on the growth, development, and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca  sativa L. var. capitata) // Scientia Horticulturae, 2013, Vol. 150, pp. 86–91.
8. Pardo G.P., Aguilar C.H., Martínez F.R., Canseco M.M. Effects of light emitting diode high intensity on growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) seedlings // Annual Research & Review in Biology, 2014, Vol. 19, pp. 2983–2994.
9. Sase S., Mito C., Okushima L., Fukuda N., Kanesaka N., Sekiguchi K., Odawara N. Effect of overnight  supplemental lighting with different spectral LEDs on  the growth of some leafy vegetables // Acta Horticulturae, 2012, Vol. 956, pp. 327–333.
10. Lee J.S., Lim T.G., Kim Y.H. Growth and phytochemicals in lettuce as affected by different ratios of blue  to red radiation // Acta Horticulturae, 2014, Vol. 1037, pp. 843–848.
11. Muneer S., Kim E.J., Park J.S., Lee J.H. Influence  of green, red and blue light emitting diodes on multiprotein complex proteins and photosynthetic activity under different light intensities in lettuce leaves (Lactuca sativa  L.)// International journal of molecular sciences, 2014, Vol. 15, pp. 4657–4670.
12. Report of Testing of DNaT-400 Lamps and 250W M-S and Bi-S Electrodeless Fluorescent Lamps [Otchyot po ispytaniyam lamp DNaT-400 i induktsyonnykh lyuminestsentnykh lamp 250W M-S i Bi-S]. URL: http://growlife.ru/otchet-po-ispytaniyu-lamp-dnat-400-iindukcionnyx-lyuminescentnyx-lamp-250w-m-s-i-bi-s (date of reference: 23.02.2019).
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14. Filatov, D.A., Terentiev, P.V. Electromagnetic Compatibility of Power Supply Sources and Electric Equipment of Agricultural Facilities with Changes of the  Level of Supply Voltage [Elektromagnitnaya sovmestimost sistem elektrosnabzheniya i elektrooborudovaniya selskokhozyaistvennykh predpriyatiy pri izmenenii urovnya pitayushchego napryazheniya] // Bulletin of the Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy, 2016, Vol. 3, #11, pp. 57–62.

RF inductor power losses of ferrite-free electrode-less low pressure mercury inductively-coupled discharges excited in closed-loop dielectric tube were studied. The modelling was made within the framework of low pressure inductive discharge transformer model for discharge lamps with tubes of 16, 25 and 38 mm inner diam. filled with  the mixture of mercury vapour (7.5×10–3 mm Hg) and argon (0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 mm Hg) at RF frequencies of 1, 7; 3.4 and 5.1 MHz and plasma power of (25–500) W. Discharges were excited with the help of the induction coil of 3, 4 and 6 turns placed along the inner perimeter of the closed-loop tube. It was found that the dependence of coil power losses, Pcoil, on the discharge plasma power, Ppl, had the minimum while Pcoil decreased with RF frequency,  tube diameter and coil number of turns. The modelling results were found in good qualitative agreement with the experimental data; quantitative discrepancies are believed to be due skin-effect and RF  electric field radial inhomogeneity that were not included in discharge modelling.

1. Pavel V. Starshinov, Oleg A. Popov, Igor V. Irkhin, Vladimir A. Levchenko, and Vasina Victoria N. Electrodeless UV Lamp on the Basis of Low-Pressure Mercury Discharge in a Closed Non-Ferrite Tube// Light & Engineering, 2019, Vol. 27, # 6, pp. 133–136.
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Cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe2O4 MNPs) were successfully prepared by citric acid-assisted sol-gel auto combustion method and used in emissive layer of organic light emitting diode (OLED). Dimensional, structural and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were recearched and compared by using X-ray diffraction  (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). CoFe2O4 MNPs were utilized at various concentrations (0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt% and 2.0 wt%) in the emissive layer of the OLEDs. The luminance, current efficiency and the electroluminescence characteristics of the devices with and without CoFe2O4 MNPs were investigated. An external magnetic field, Bext, has also been applied to the OLEDs doped with MNPs while under operation. Effects of MNPs on OLED  characteristics under Bext were studied thoroughly. In the tailored device architecture, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly polystyrene sulphonate (PEDOT: PSS) and poly(2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy))-1,4-phenylene vinylene (MEH-PPV) were used as a hole transport layer (HTL) and an emissive layer respectively with ITO/PEDOT: PSS/ MEH-PPV: CoFe2O4/Ca/Al device architecture. The obtained results of the fabricated OLEDs were enhanced in the presence of CoFe2O4 NPs under Bext due to providing density of states in the polymer matrices. The turn-on voltage was diminished slightly in the device doped with 0.5 % wt MNP compared to the devices with other concentrations of MNPs.

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