This is the second part devoted to review of modern applied photometry. In the six paragraphs of part 1 of this publication1, the oneness of candela and Watt realization and short history of artificial light sources up to LED intervention was observed. Activity of international expert’s community in field of light and optical radiation measurements was discussed.
The replacement of traditional sources of general lighting and signalling by radiation sources with LEDs, which have a spectral distribution of light emitting characteristics different from traditional light sources, has raised a number of issues in the metrological support of optical radiometry and applied photometry related to the oneness of the reproduction of units of energy and photometric quantities based on Watt.
1. Agafonov, D.R., Sapritsky, V.I., Stolyarevskaya, R.I., Tolstykh, G.N. Working standard of luminous intensity based on LEDs [Rabochiy etalon sily sveta na osnove svetodiodov] // Svetotekhnika, 2000, # 3, pp. 9–12.
2. Ivashin, E.A., Khlevnoy, B.B., Shirokov, S.S., and Tishchenko, E.V. Development of New Photometric Standards Based on High Power LEDs // Light & Engineering, 2018, Vol. 26, # 1, pp. 58–62.
3. Yuri Nakazawa, Kenji Godo, Kazuki Niwa, Tatsuya Zama, Yoshiki Yamaji and Shinya Matsuoka “Establishment of 2π total spectral radiant flux scale with a broadband LED-based transfer standard source” // Metrologia, 2020, Vol. 57, # 6, 065024.
4. CIE, Division 2, TC2–90 Technical Report (Approval Draft): LED Reference Spectrum for Photometer Calibration.
5. CIE015–2018: Colorimetry, 4th Edition, Div.1, ISBN: 978–3–902842–13–8.
6. Kokka, A., Poikonen, T., Blattner, P., Jost, S., Ferrero, A., Pulli, T., Ngo, M., Thorseth, A., Gerloff, T., Dekker, P., Stuker, F., Klej, A., Ludwig, K., Schneider, M., Reiners, T., and Ikonen, E. Development of white LED illuminants for colorimetry and recommendation of white LED reference spectrum for photometry // Metrologia, 2018, Vol. 55, pp. 526–534 (open access).
7. Ferrero, A., Velazquez, J.L., Pons, A., and Campos, J. Index for the Evaluation of the General Photometric Performance of Photometers // Optics Express 18033, 2018, Vol. 26, # 14.
8. Krüger, U., Ferrero, A., Mantela, V., Thorseth, A., Trampert, K., Pellegrino, O., and Sperling, A. Evaluation of Different General V(λ) Mismatch Indices of Photometers for LED-based Light Sources in General Lighting Applications // Metrologia, 2022, in press (open access).
9. Ferrero, A., Kokka, A., Pulli, T., Poikonen, T., Schneider, T., Stuker, F., Blattner, P., Pons, A., and Ikonen, E. Definition of Spectral Mismatch Index for Spectral Power Distributions // CIE – 2019: Proceedings of the 29th Session of the CIE, Washington D.C ., USA, June 14–22, 2019, pp. 85–92.
10. CIE016–1998: Measurements of Optical Radiation Hazards, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, Div.6, ISBN: 978 3 9804789 5 3.
11. Bullough, John D., Bierman, A. & Rea, Mark S. Evaluating the Blue-Light Hazard from Solid State Lighting // International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2017, DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2017.1375172.
12. Brainard, G.C., Hanifin, J.P., Greeson, J.M., Byrne, B., Glickman, G., Gerner, E., Rollag, M.D. Action spectrum for melatonin regulation in humans: evidence for a novel circadian photoreceptor // J. Neurosci, 2001, Vol. 21, # 16, pp. 6405–6412.
13. Thapan, K., Arendt, J., Skene, D.J. An action spectrum for melatonin suppression: evidence for a novel nonrod, non-cone photoreceptor system in humans // J. Physiol. Vol. 535(Part1), pp. 261–267.
14. Anas Mohamed, Vineetha Kalavally, Sean W. Cain, Andrew, J.K. Phillips, Elise M. Mcglashan, and Chee, Pin T. Wearable light spectral sensor optimized for measuring daily α-opic light exposure // Optics EXPRESS, 2021, Vol. 29, # 17, Optics Express 27612.
15. CIE TN012–2021: Guidance on the Measurement of Temporal Light Modulation of Light Sources and Lighting Systems.
16. ASSIST 2015: Recommended metric for assessing the direct perception of light source flicker, Vol. 11, #3. 17. ASSIST 2014: Application Consideration Related to Stroboscopic Effects from Light Source Flicker, Vol. 11, # 2.
18. Arnold Gaertner, Éric Côté, Joaquin Campos, Gaël Obein, Peter Blattner, Reto Schafer, Liu Hui, Jiang Xiaomei, Cameron Miller, Yuqin Zong, Errol Atkinson, Erik Thorvaldson, Kenichi Kinoshita, Rheinhardt Sieberhagen, Irma Rabe, Teresa Goodman, Barry Scott, Armin Sperling, Detlef Lindner, Boris Khlevnoy, Evgeniy Ivashin / CCPR Key Comparison 2022, CCPR-K3 Final Report: Luminous Intensity, 246 p.
19. Köhler, R., Stock, M., Garreau, C Final Report on the International Comparison of Luminous Responsivity CCPR-K3.b / Bureau International des Poids et Mesures Pavillon de Breteuil, 92312 Sèvres Cedex, France, January 2004.
20. Woolliams, E.R., Cox, M.G., Fox, N.P., Harris, P.M. Key Comparison of Spectral Irradiance 250 nm to 2500 nm / Final Report of the CCPR K1-a, BIPM, 2005.
21. Dong-Joo Shin, Chul-Woung Park, Kolesnikova, S.S., and Khlevnoy, B.B. Final report of bilateral comparisons Spectral Irradiance from 250 nm to 2500 nm // APMP.PR.K1.a.1–2008 Bilateral Comparison between KRISS (Korea) and VNIIOFI (Russia), Final Report 10 August 2010.
22. Yoshi Ohno et. al. IEA 4E Solid State Lighting Annex Interlaboratory Comparison / SSL Annex, 2017, IC2017 Final Report.

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