Content
Abstract:
In this research, it has been studied energy consumption by luminaires, used in road lighting, which is providing by small-scale wind turbines. As the application area, the Bitlis-Rahva region, which is the new settlement of the city centre of Bitlis, was chosen. For the study, the wind data at a height of 10 m representing the road lighting poles were recorded with a data logger every 10 minutes (for 1 year). In many studies in the literature, the Weibull distribution has been used in the analysis of wind data and determination of wind energy potential. It has been seen that the accuracy of this method is high and therefore the Weibull distribution is chosen for the power generation capacity of the small-scale wind turbine to be used in road lighting. The maximum likelihood method was used to determine the parameters of the Weibull density function. Considering the dimensions of the lighting poles and the loads they can carry, it was concluded that it would be appropriate to use small-scale vertical-axis wind turbines for energy generation on these poles. It has been determined that the amount of energy produced by the wind turbine on the road lighting pole is much more than the luminaire on a lighting pole will consume.
References:
1. Gil-Martín, L.M., Peña-García, A, Jiménez. A, Hernández-Montes, E. Study of light-pipes for the use of sunlight in road tunnels: From a scale model to real tunnels // Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 2014, Vol. 41, pp, 82–87. 2. Kaynaklı, M., Palta, O., Cengiz Ç. Solar radiation and temperature effects on agricultural irrigation systems // Bitlis Eren University Journal of Science and Technology, 2018, Vol. 6, #1, pp. 53–58. 3. Parlakyildiz, S. The Effects of Luminaire Glass Type on Road Parameters in Road Lighting // Light and Engineering, 2023, Vol. 31, #1, pp. 100–104. 4. Özenc, S., Uzunoglu, M., Güler, Ö., Experimental evaluation of the impacts of considering inherent response characteristics for lighting technologies in building energy modeling // Energy and Buildings, 2014, Vol. 77, pp. 432–439. 5. Duman, CA., Güler, O. Techno-economic analysis of off-grid PV/wind/fuel cell hybrid system combinations with a comparison of regular and seasonally occupied households // Sustainable Cities and Society, 2018, Vol. 42, pp. 107–126. 6. Yurci, Y., Kaynaklı, M., Palta, O., Efe, SB., Cengiz, Ç. The performance-cost effect of the SCADA system on distribution networks // Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2016, Vol. 11, #6, Ver.III, pp. 32–38. 7. Almasri, R.A., Narayan, S. A recent review of energy efficiency and renewable energy in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region // International Journal Green Energy, 2021, Vol. 18, #14, pp. 1441–1468. 8. Cengiz, M.S., Mamis, M.S., Akdag, M., Cengiz, C. A review of prices for photovoltaic systems // International Journal of Technolgy Physical Problems of Engineering, 2015, Vol. 7, #3, pp. 8–13. 9. Guk, E., Venkatesan, V., Sayan, Y., L., Kim, JS. Spring Based Connection of External Wires to a Thin Film Temperature Sensor Integrated Inside a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell // Scientific Reports, 2019, Vol. 9, pp. 2161. 10. Sayan, Y., Venkatesan, V., Guk, E., Kim, JS., Wu, H. Single-step fabrication of an anode supported planar single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell // International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2018, Vol. 15, #6, pp. 1375–1387. 11. Kaynaklı, M., Palta, O., Yurci, Y., Cengiz, Ç. Cooperation of conventional electric power grids and smart power grids // Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vol. 11, #6, Ver.IV, pp. 23–27. 12. Cengiz M.S., Cengiz, C. Numerical analysis of tunnel lighting maintenance factor // International Islamic University Malaysia IIUM Engineering Journal, 2018, Vol. 19, #2, pp. 154–163. 13. Efe, S.B., Varhan, D. Interior lighting of a historical building by using led luminaires a case study of Fatih Paşa Mosque // Light and Engineering, 2020, Vol. 28, #4, pp. 77–83. 14. Qin, X, Zhang, X, Qi, S., Han, H. Design of solar optical fiber lighting system for enhanced lighting in highway tunnel threshold zone: A case study of Huashuyan tunnel in China // International Journal of Photoenergy 2015, Vol. 2015, pp. 1–10. 15. Cengiz, M, S. The relationship between maintenance factor and lighting level in tunnel lighting // Light and Engineering, 2019, Vol. 27, #3, pp. 75–88. 16. Parlakyildiz, S. Visual Comfort at the Road Lighting on the Border Line // Light and Engineering, 2023, Vol. 31, #1, pp. 94–99. 17. Cengiz, M.S. Effects of luminaire angle and illumination topology on illumination parameters in road lighting // Light & Engineering, 2020, Vol. 28, #4, pp. 47–56. 18. Cengiz, M.S. Using electric lighting to support daylighting in architectural building designs // Light & Engineering, 2022, Vol. 30, #1, pp. 113–123. 19. Aboneama, W.A. Achieving energy efficiency performance and urban connectivity development in Saudi Arabia through renewable energy Resources and sustainable transportation-case study asir province // Resilient and Responsible Smart Cities, Springer 2021, pp. 195–205. 20. Cengiz, MS. Lighting master plan application in living areas // Light & Engineering, 2022, Vol. 30, #6, pp. 124–132. 21. Cengiz, MS. Role of functional illumınation urban beautification: Qatar-Doha road illumination case // Light & Engineering, 2022, Vol. 30, #3, pp. 34–42. 22. Talama, F., Kutty, S.S., Kumar, A., Khan, M., Ahmed, M.R. Assessment of wind energy potential for Tuvalu with accurate estimation of Weibull parameters // Energy Exploration & Exploitation, 2020, Vol. 38, pp. 1742–1773. 23. Idris, A.I., Ahmed, R.A., Omar, A.I., Said, R.K. Akinci, T.C. Wind energy potential and micro-turbine performance analysis in Djibouti-city, Djibouti // Engineering Science and Technology and International Journal, 2020, Vol. 23, pp. 65–70. 24. Teimorian, A., Bahrami, A., Teimourian, H., Vala, M., Huseyniklioglu, A.O. Assessment of wind energy potential in the southeastern province of Iran // Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery Utilization, And Environmental Effects, 2020, Vol. 42, #3, pp. 329–343. 25. Mohammadi, K., Mostafaeipour, A. Economic feasibility of developing wind turbines in Aligoodarz, Iran // Energy Conversion and Management, 2013, Vol. 76, pp. 645–653. 26. Seo, S., Oh, S.D., Kwak, H.Y. Wind turbine power curve modeling using maximum likelihood estimation method // Renewable Energy, 2019, Vol. 136, pp. 1164–1169. 27. Stevens, M.J.M., Smulders, P.T., The Estimation of the Parameters of the Weibull Wind Speed Distribution for Wind Energy Utilization Purposes // Wind Engineering, 1979, Vol. 3, pp. 132–145. 28. Celik, A.N. A statistical analysis of wind power density based on the Weibull and Rayleigh models at the southern region of Turkey // Renewable Energy, 2003, Vol. 29, pp. 593–604. 29. Johnson, G.L. Wind Energy Systems // Electronic Edition. 2006. KS, Manhattan. 30. Bilir, L., Imir, M., Devrim, Y., Albostan, A. An investigation on wind energy potential and small scale wind turbine performance at Incek region–Ankara, Turkey // Energy Conversion and Management, 2015, Vol. 103, pp. 910–923. 31. Jaramillo, O.A., Borja M.A. Wind speed analysis in La Ventosa, Mexico: a bimodal probability distribution case // Renewable Energy, 2004, Vol. 29, pp. 1613–1630. 32. http://www.windturbinestar.com/300w-verticalwind-turbine.html. (Accessed 19 March 2022) 33. https://en.wind-turbine-models.com/turbines/1849-aeolosaeolos-v‑300w. (Accessed 19 March 2022) 34. Feng, F., Qu, C., Zhao, S., Bai, Y., Guo, W., Li, Y. Static Mechanical Properties and Modal Analysis of a Kind of Lift-Drag Combined-Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine // International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2018, Vol. 2018, pp. 1–13. 35. CIE‑194–2011 On site measurement of the photometric properties of road and tunnel lighting, 2011. 36. Güler, Ö., Onaygil, S. The effect of luminance uniformity on visibility level in road lighting, Lighting Research Technology, 2002. V35, pp. 199–215. 37. CIE‑115–2010, International Commission on Illumination, Recommendations far the Lighting of Roads for Motor and Pedestrian Traffic, Vienna-Austria, 1995. p. 25. 38. Onaygil, S., Yol aydınlatma projelerinde yol sınıfının belirlemesinin önemi, Kaynak Elektrik Dergisi, 1998. #12, pp. 125–132. 39. CIE‑136–2000, Guide to the lighting of urban areas, 3 August 2000. 40. Tetri, E., Chenani, S.B., Rasanen R.S. Advancement in Road Lighting, Light & Engineering, 2018. Vol. 26, #1, pp. 99–109. 41. Cengiz, M.S. Simulation and design study for interior zone luminance in tunnel lighting // Light and Engineering, 2019, Vol. 27, #2, pp. 42–51. 42. Parlakyildiz, S. Gencoglu, M.T., Cengiz, M.S. Analysis of failure detection and visibility criteria in pantograph-catenary interaction // Light & Engineering, 2020, Vol. 28, #6, pp. 127–135. 43. Kavak Akpınar, E., Akpınar, S. Statistical Analysis of Wind Energy Potential on the basis of the Weibull and Rayleigh Distribution for Ağın-Elazığ, Turkey // J. Power Energy, 2004, Vol. 218, pp. 557–565. 44. Oral, F. Statistical analysis of the wind energy potential of Bitlis province // Dicle Univ 45. ersity Journal of Engineering, 2020, Vol. 11, pp. 671–678. 46. Fırtın, E., Güler, Ö, Akdağ, S.A. Investigation of wind shear coefficients and their effect on electrical energy generation // Applied Energy, 2011, Vol. 88, #11, pp. 4097–4105. 47. Güler, Ö., Wind energy status in electrical energy production of Turkey //Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, Vol. 13 #2, pp. 473–478.
Keywords
Recommended articles