Green plants are essential for human and animal life, as they alone can synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water through photosynthesis using sunlight energy. In modern plant cultivation, the meristem culture method is used to increase crop yields. Experiments were conducted on in vitro potato meristem plants to study the influence of spectral component doses of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) on their development.
The aim of this work was to develop energy-efficient digital lighting technologies for in vitro culture that reduce energy consumption while maintaining plant productivity. Based on the works of A.F. Kleshnin, an analysis of solar radiation spectral density in the geographical region of the crop's origin was performed, showing that radiation consists of approximately 29 % red, 21 % yellow, 18 % green, 16 % blue, 9 % violet, and 6 % UV spectral ranges.
To implement the required spectral component doses, a PLC control algorithm for the LED irradiator was developed using the CoDeSys industrial automation software package. An energy-efficient lighting technology was proposed that enables faster growth of in vitro plantlets compared to controls. As a result, LED irradiator operating time and power consumption were reduced by approximately 13 %, while leaf area increased by 26 % relative to controls, leaf number increased to 7.5 (versus 5.57 in controls), and root system development reached 2.7 points (versus 2.06 in controls). 1. Nichiporovich, A.A., Chmora, S.N. On the use of solar radiation for photosynthesis in potato crops [Ob ispol'zovanii solnechnoy radiatsii dlya fotosinteza v kartofel'nykh kul'turakh] // Plant Physiology, 1958. Vol. 5, # 4, pp. 320–326.
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• photosynthetically active radiation
• solar radiation
• energy-efficient lighting
• in vitro culture
• meristem plants
• plant development
• potato